One hundred four years ago, a national movement leaders such as Dr. Soetomo, dr Tjipto Mangunkusumo, Ki Hajar Dewantara never know exactly when Indonesia will be free. But they knew that the gates of freedom will come about. Which should continue to be made is how to continue to foster a spirit of independence. That's what makes them then established Boedi Oetomo.

National Education Day, May 2, 2012. National Education Day is a day which is celebrated to honor the heroes of educational services, namely Ki Hajar Dewantara. National Education Day is celebrated every year on May 2, which is the birthday of Ki Hajar Dewantara as a sign of the struggle for his services. With his fight, the education world in Indonesia can be like this now. Formerly at the time was the Dutch colonial era, education for indigenous people is not easy. Everything they need to fight.

Ki Hajar Dewantara, or who has the original name Raden Mas Soewardi has even had time to dispose of the Dutch colonial criticism from his writings, entitled Was Nederlander Eens Als Ik (If I'm a Dutch). Writings he criticized the celebration of 100 years of trouble free Holland from French colonial rule in November 1913. The celebration was celebrated in colonial Indonesia, and to withdraw money from the people of its colonies to finance the celebration party. After his disposal, he later founded the Student Park, which became the forerunner of education in Indonesia.In the present, education is not as difficult as the days of old. Education can be enjoyed by almost all walks of life. Although there are also some people think that education is something that expensive. Once the importance of education for all elements of society for the advancement of the nation, even the religion of Islam also teaches the importance of studying, from birth to grave. In any system of government, the budget for education is huge, in accordance with the mandate of the law. Although the implementation is either appropriate or not. Clearly, education is a strong foundation for a nation.Education has a meaning and a very broad sense. Komponens-component in education should be integrated with each other to build education. Eg formal education in schools, teachers are not there as educators, students, infrastructure and so on. The words of the father of the national education remains the most famous is "sung tulada ngarso ing, ing middle Mangun intention, tut wuri handayani". In front of (teacher) gives an example, in the middle (the teacher) to give guidance, and on the back (the teacher) to give a boost.

Raden Ajeng Kartini

 

 

 

Raden Ajeng Kartini (1879-1904) is credited with starting the move for women's emancipation in Java, an island then controlled by Holland as part of the Netherlands Indies (now Indonesia). Born to the aristocracy, Kartini was privileged to be able to attend Dutch colonial schools, but was forced to quit at an early age due to Islamic law at the time. At the age of 24, she was married to a man twice her age who already had three wives. Kartini wrote letters to her friends in Holland protesting the treatment of women in Java, the practice of polygamy, and of the Dutch suppression of the island's native population. Decades later, the Indonesian state constitution promised gender equality to all its citizens, and Kartini Day continues to be celebrated on April 21 to commemorate Kartini's contribution to women's rights.

Kartini was born on April 21, 1879, in Mayong village near of Jepara, a town located in the center of the island of Java. She was born into the Javanese priyayi, or aristocracy; her father was Jepara mayor Raden Mas Adipati Ario Sosroningrat. Kartini was one of 12 children born to Raden's several wives.

Educated at Dutch Schools

As a child, Kartini was very active, playing and climbing trees. She earned the nickname "little bird" because of her constant flitting around. A man of some modern attitudes, her father allowed her to attend Dutch elementary school along with her brothers. The Dutch had colonized Java and established schools open only to Europeans and to sons of wealthy Javanese. Due to the advantages of her birth and her intellectual inclination, Kartini became one of the first native women allowed to learn to read and write in Dutch.
Despite her father's permission to allow her a primary education, by Islamic custom and a Javanese tradition known as pingit, all girls, including Kartini, were forced to leave school at age 12 and stay home to learn homemaking skills. At this point, Kartini would have to wait for a man to ask for her hand in marriage. Even her status among the upper class could not save her from this tradition of discrimination against women; marriage was expected of her. For Kartini, the only escape from this traditional mode of life was to become an independent woman.

Youth  Pledge, which stated youths joined in the various 'joung' on October 28, 1928 joined the trip marked the history of this new ini.Semangat fueled the boys in the middle of the colonial period. The objective one, achieving the ideals of independence Youth Pledge, the National Awakening May 20, 1908 and August 17, 1945 Proclamation is the "red thread" history of the struggle to achieve Indonesia's sovereign.

Events pejuangan three colors that milestone. Between the period is always marked by the spirit of struggle with mendepankan unity, unity and independence goals. At that time, people talked about the importance of unity, because the condition of society lives fragmented by Dutch colonialism. When triggered, based on a desire Youth Pledge has one nation, one language and homeland. There was no intention to form a single tercetus country, because the occupation makes this intention as one that "taboo" and forbidden.

When finally formed the country of Indonesia in 1945, then rev up to 1949 historical, nationalist and our patriotism is very high. Then, when entering 1950-1959, the era and the spirit was different. At this time we are experiencing a crisis of unity and nationhood. This era, which in the stretch of history called the democratic-liberal. This is indicated by various local rebellions and strong-rooted political party. Then, there were times that passed from the era of guided democracy, the new order to reform. Travel history of the period of Indonesia's long enough.

Presently, we are contemplating the meaning of the Youth Pledge with the soul and the spirit of nationalism and the desire to unite high. But, whether we bond as a nation is strong and sturdy. This should be a reflection of the national character. When ground water is perfectly safe, whether the national spirit so faded, faded join the national spirit?

Democracy in which we live today can provide a variety of positive and negative impacts, if not followed by awareness of high national spirit. Of course, democratization does not make us divided. Perhaps, in a split views and political attitudes, not to permeate the sense of nationalism and nationhood.

There is no democracy without nationalism. Vice versa. Is it possible to strengthen democracy as nationalism will fade? Nationalism and nationality we place on one position, for the sake of the integrity of the nation and state. Democratization of our struggle to make a tool memujudkan expectations dicitakan to achieve prosperity.

Spirit and soul of the Youth Pledge to digelorakan back in young people today. The future of this nation lies in the work ethic and the spirit of young people. In the history of any nation in the world, young people still occupy an important position on any changes in the social order. This also happened in Indonesia.

Direction and national struggle lies in the critical attitude of the young. Poor state of repair in the young teacher anymore. It would be more tragic if young people affected and accordingly the trail with the deteriorating state of the nation. This is not our wish. Young people are the hope of all citizens, equal to the expectations in the past, when blown Youth Pledge. Breakers and the spirit of youth is also charged in the present, but in another form, with the aim of improving the economic condition of the nation and the welfare of the people.

Youth Pledge is authentic evidence that on October 28, 1928 The Indonesian nation was born, therefore it should be all the people of Indonesia momentum commemorate October 28 as the day of birth of the Indonesian nation, the birth of the Indonesian nation is the fruit of the struggle of peoples for hundreds of years oppressed under the rule of colonialists at the time, the conditions of oppression is then pushed the youth at the time determined by it to raise the dignity of indigenous Indonesian people's lives, a determination that is the struggle of the people of Indonesia's commitment to successfully achieve its independence 17 years later on August 17, 1945.


The formulation of the Youth Pledge was written on a paper Moehammad Yamin when Mr. Sunario, as scouting was addressing delegates at the last session of Congress. The oath was read by Soegondo initially and then described at length by Yamin.

CONTENTS OF YOUTH PLEDGE

Pertama
Kami putra dan putri Indonesia, mengaku bertumpah darah yang satu, tanah air Indonesia.
Kedua
Kami putra dan putri Indonesia, mengaku berbangsa yang satu, bangsa Indonesia.
Ketiga
Kami putra dan putri Indonesia, menjunjung bahasa persatuan, bahasa Indonesia.

first
we are boys and girls of Indonesia, claimed that a blood bertumpah, homeland Indonesia.
second
we are boys and girls of Indonesia, admitted that one of the nation, the Indonesian nation.
third
we are boys and girls of Indonesia, to uphold the national language, Indonesian.

And this is the original text of youth pledge which stated on October, 28 1928.